Установка MariaDB 10.4 на Ubuntu 18.04 и CentOS 7
Это руководство поможет вам запустить MariaDB 10.4 на CentOS 7 / Установить MariaDB 10.4 на сервере Ubuntu 18.04 ?. На момент написания этой статьи последняя стабильная версия MariaDB — 10.4. Версия MariaDB по умолчанию, установленная в CentOS 7, — 5.5, а MariaDB 10.1 — для Ubuntu 18.04. Эти версии доступны в исходных репозиториях ОС.
CentOS 8 / RHEL 8: Как установить MariaDB 10.4 на CentOS 8 / RHEL 8
Debian 10: установить MariaDB на Debian 10
Для Debian 9 / Debian используйте Как установить MariaDB 10.4 на Debian 9 / Debian 8
Для Ubuntu 16.04 используйте Как установить MariaDB 10.4 на Ubuntu 16.04 LTS (Xenial)
Перед установкой MariaDB 10.4 может потребоваться удалить текущую версию сервера MariaDB. Вы можете игнорировать это при обновлении. В Ubuntu запустите:
sudo apt-get remove mariadb-server
Для CentOS 7 запустите:
sudo yum remove mariadb-server
Установите MariaDB 10.4 на Ubuntu 18.04
Чтобы установить MariaDB 10.4 в Ubuntu 18.04, вам необходимо добавить репозиторий MariaDB в систему.
Шаг 1: Установите свойства программного обеспечения — общие, если они отсутствуют:
sudo apt-get install software-properties-common
Шаг 2. Импортируйте ключ MariaDB gpg:
Запустите команду ниже, чтобы добавить ключ хранилища в систему
sudo apt-key adv --recv-keys --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 0xF1656F24C74CD1D8
Шаг 3: Добавьте репозиторий apt
После импорта ключа PGP перейдите к добавлению URL-адреса хранилища на сервер Ubuntu 18.04:
sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64,arm64,ppc64el] http://mariadb.mirror.liquidtelecom.com/repo/10.4/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) main"
Шаг 4: Установите MariaDB
Последний шаг — установка сервера MariaDB:
sudo apt update sudo apt -y install mariadb-server mariadb-client
Вам будет предложено ввести корневой пароль MariaDB. Введите пароль для установки.
Подтвердите Пароль:
Нажмите <Ok>, чтобы подтвердить новый пароль и установить MariaDB. Обязательно запомните предоставленный пароль.
Если вам не предложили установить пароль root, запустите:
$ sudo mysql_secure_installation
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user. If you've just installed MariaDB, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.
Enter current password for root (enter for none):
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB
root user without the proper authorisation.
Set root password? [Y/n] y
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
... Success!
By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y
... Success!
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y
... Success!
By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y
- Dropping test database...
... Success!
- Removing privileges on test database...
... Success!
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y
... Success!
Cleaning up...
All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.
Thanks for using MariaDB!
Подтвердите версию MariaDB:
$ mysql -u root -p Enter password: Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 49 Server version: 10.4.6-MariaDB-1:10.4.6+maria~bionic-log mariadb.org binary distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]>
Проверьте версию с помощью команды:
MariaDB [(none)]> SELECT VERSION(); +------------------------------------------+ | version() | +------------------------------------------+ | 10.4.6-MariaDB-1:10.4.6+maria~bionic-log | +------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.000 sec)
Шаг 5: Установите инструмент управления базами данных рабочего стола
Если работа с командной строкой MySQL — это не то, что вам нужно, подумайте об установке Database Tool, чтобы помочь вам. Ознакомьтесь с нашим руководством ниже:
Установите и настройте DBeaver в Ubuntu 18.04 / Ubuntu 16.04 / Debian 9
Установите и настройте DBeaver в Fedora 30/29 и CentOS 7/8
Для phpMyAdmin используйте наше руководство ниже:
Как установить последнюю версию phpMyAdmin в Ubuntu / Debian , CentOS , Fedora
Установите MariaDB 10.4 на CentOS 7
Добавьте репозиторий MariaDB YUM на сервер CentOS 7:
cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/yum.repos.d/MariaDB.repo
[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/10.4/centos7-amd64
gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1
EOFЧтобы установить другие версии MariaDB, такие как 10.3 или 10.2, замените 10.4 другой версией на baseurl.
Очистить индекс кеша yum:
sudo yum makecache fast
Установите MariaDB 10.4 на CentOS 7:
sudo yum -y install MariaDB-server MariaDB-client
Более подробную информацию об установленном пакете можно посмотреть по адресу:
$ rpm -qi MariaDB-server Name : MariaDB-server Version : 10.4.6 Release : 1.el7.centos Architecture: x86_64 Install Date: Sun 07 Jul 2019 10:31:57 AM CESTf Group : Applications/Databases Size : 130648787 License : GPLv2 Signature : DSA/SHA1, Tue 18 Jun 2019 08:13:58 PM CEST, Key ID cbcb082a1bb943db Source RPM : MariaDB-server-10.4.6-1.el7.centos.src.rpm Build Date : Tue 18 Jun 2019 01:57:58 AM CEST Build Host : centos73-amd64 Relocations : (not relocatable) Vendor : MariaDB Foundation URL : http://mariadb.org Summary : MariaDB: a very fast and robust SQL database server Description : It is GPL v2 licensed, which means you can use the it free of charge under the conditions of the GNU General Public License Version 2 (http://www.gnu.org/licenses/). MariaDB documentation can be found at https://mariadb.com/kb MariaDB bug reports should be submitted through https://jira.mariadb
Запустите и включите сервис MariaDB:
sudo systemctl enable --now mariadb
Защитите MariaDB, запустив mysql_secure_installation.
$ sudo mysql_secure_installation
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user. If you've just installed MariaDB, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.
Enter current password for root (enter for none):
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB
root user without the proper authorisation.
Set root password? [Y/n] y
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
... Success!
By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y
... Success!
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y
... Success!
By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y
- Dropping test database...
... Success!
- Removing privileges on test database...
... Success!
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y
... Success!
Cleaning up...
All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.
Thanks for using MariaDB!Войдите и проверьте версию MariaDB:
# mysql -u root -p Enter password: Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 16 Server version: 10.4.6-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]> select version(); +----------------+ | version() | +----------------+ | 10.4.6-MariaDB | +----------------+ 1 row in set (0.000 sec)
Вы также можете проверить версию, используя:
# mysql -V
mysql Ver 15.1 Distrib 10.4.6-MariaDB, for Linux (x86_64) using readline 5.1Теперь вы должны запустить MariaDB 10.4 на вашем Ubuntu 18.04 / CentOS 7.
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